プロジェクト情報（概要） / Project information (abstract)
基本情報 / Basic Informations
- 研究題目
Research Title 都市の渋滞、大気汚染、交通手段: ダッカの証拠
Urban Congestion, Air Pollution, and Transportation Modes: Evidence from Dhaka
- 状態
Status -
実施中
Started
- 研究番号
Research Number - 1292
- 研究代表者
PI - コスタス・アルコラキス / イェール大学
- 事務担当者
Secretary - コスタス・アルコラキス / イェール大学
- 受入CSIS教員
CSIS reception staff 高橋 孝明
Takaaki TAKAHASHI
- 研究内容
Abstract 4 out of the top 6 most congested cities in the world and 9 out of the top 10 most air polluted cities in the world are in South Asia. This study focuses on Dhaka, Bangladesh, where traffic leads to 8 million working hours lost daily, while air pollution reduces life expectancy by more than 8 years. These problems are linked: areas with dense traffic have a PM 2.5 concentration of over 110 mg/cm3, compared to a national average of 74 mg/cm3 and WHO recommendation of below 5 mg/cm3. Transportation is a highly differentiated good in Dhaka with rickshaw, auto-rickshaw, walking, buses, metro, moto-taxis, Uber, private cars, all commanding a meaningful market share. Transportation modes differ by characteristics such as price, travel time, safety, and comfort, but also in externalities such as pollution and traffic. Strikingly, over 50\% of trips in 2009 utilized walking and cycle-rickshaws, which are emission-free and likely low-congestion.
Thus, benign trends–such as rising incomes–and well intended policies–such as expanding road networks–could encourage workers to substitute towards automobiles, potentially increasing traffic and emissions. On the other hand, policies promoting low-emission sources such as walking, rickshaws, and rail have the potential to improve both traffic flow and air quality.In this paper, I will develop a similar demand and traffic model to Almagro et al (2023) and add a model of PM 2.5 dispersal to capture the environmental externalities. I will estimate the model with rich individual-level data from a representative survey of every neighborhood in Dhaka, allowing me to capture the heterogeneity that governs commuting mode choice. I will use the estimated model to quantify the effects of various policies, including introduction of the new Dhaka Metro, road expansion, and mode-specific subsidies.
- 研究期間
Research Period - 2023-10-30 - 2024-03-31
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研究者 / Researchers
申請中の研究者は表示されません。 / Pending researchers are not shown.
コスタス・アルコラキス / イェール大学
研究成果 / Achievement
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